Publications

Journal Articles (Peer-reviewed)

  • Taishi Nakai, Akira Sakurai, Shiori Hironaka, Kazuyuki Shudo. “A Formulation of the Trilemma in Proof of Work Blockchain”, IEEE Access, 2024.

Refereed Proceedings

  • Taishi Nakai, Akira Sakurai, Kazuyuki Shudo. “The More Halving Advances, the More Rational Double Spending Attack is”, IEEE ICCE 2025, Jan. 2025.
  • Shinnosuke Masuda, Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Taishi Nakai, Akira Sakurai, Kazuyuki Shudo. “High-Bandwidth Node Selection in Compact Block Relay”, IEEE GreenCom 2024, 2024.
  • Taishi Nakai, Kazuyuki Shudo, “Impacts on Fork Rate of Changes of Block Size and Block Generation Time for Blockchain Scalability”, IEEE ICCE 2024, Jan. 2024.
  • Taishi Nakai, Akira Sakurai, Shiori Hironaka, Kazuyuki Shudo. “Blockchain Trilemma Described by a Formula”, IEEE Blockchain 2023, Dec. 2023.
    • 35 accepted out of 110 submissions

Non-refereed Papers

See the Japanese list of non-refereed papers: Japanese list

Talks (Non-refereed)

  • Taishi Nakai, “The Blockchain Trilemma Described by a Formula”, to members of the Ethereum Foundation including Vitalik Buterin, Aug. 2023.
  • Taishi Nakai, “Towards Mathematical Formulation of the Blockchain Trilemma”, BCK 2023, Jan. 2023.

Invited Talks (Non-refereed)

  • Taishi Nakai, “Mathematical Formulation of the Blockchain Trilemma and Its Impact”, The University of Tokyo — Research Association for Distributed Ledger and Its Applications, Dec. 2024.
  • Taishi Nakai, “Mathematical Description of the Blockchain Trilemma”, Namera Conference #3, Jan. 2024.

Posters (Non-refereed)

  • Taishi Nakai, “High decentralization does not necessarily improve 51% attack resistance”, ICT Innovation 2025, Feb. 2025.
  • Taishi Nakai, “The Blockchain Trilemma Described by a Formula”, ICT Innovation 2024, Feb. 2024.
  • Taishi Nakai, “Is Your ‘Decentralization’ Measure Really Correct? — A Statistical Evaluation Framework for Decentralization Indices in PoW Blockchains”, SCIS 2026, Jan. 2026.